Polarity independence
UntestedSame Gravitor, same V, flip polarity. Thrust magnitude should be identical.
What this test isolates
Premise. Maxwell stress is symmetric under voltage sign — only |V|² matters. Asymmetric thrust means asymmetric ion drift, not the framework's mechanism.
Why it matters. If you measure 30% more force with positive emitter than negative, the dominant force is ion wind. Same magnitude both polarities is the framework's fingerprint.
Variable. HV polarity (+/−)
Hold constant
- Same Gravitor, same |V|, same atmosphere
Prediction. |F+| ≈ |F−| within tolerance. Direction of force may flip, magnitude does not.
How to run this test
- 1
Run positive polarity
Standard config. Record steady-state Δm.
- 2
Reverse the supply leads
Discharge and dwell ≥10 minutes — dielectric polarization bleeds slowly.
- 3
Run negative polarity at same |V|
Record again.
- 4
Compare magnitudes
Within ±10% = framework win. Beyond that suggests ion-mode contamination.
Pitfalls
- !Insufficient discharge dwell between polarity flips contaminates the second measurement.
- !Asymmetric leads (different lengths) can bias one polarity.